What Is Eczema
Eczema is the generic term for skin disorders that are categorized as recurring or chronic. Appearance of these diseases may start at infancy and early childhood and may disappear over time but there are cases when these resurface again in puberty or adulthood. These are not transmittable since they are not caused by any contagion, fact is, until now there are no known causes. Eczema is different from psoriasis, the later is an autoimmune disease that results to overproduction of skin cells and appears at the extensor parts of joints such as outside of fingers, knees and elbows. Although the actual cause isn’t identified, it is suspected to be in the genes. Psoriasis can be aggravated by stress, withdrawal from steroid medications, excessive intake of alcohol and smoking.
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Signs or indications of eczema usually appear in areas of the joint flexors or the insides of the knees, elbows and ankles; face, scalp and neck. The appearance of eczema may vary from patches of red inflamed skin, oozing blisters; dry, scaly and cracking skin. As the disorder progress, frequent itching and scratching results to thickening and leathery texture of skin. The skin thickens as a protection from further damage, this thickening is called lichenification.
Pinpointing the exact causes of these disorders has been difficult; research and studies have been unsuccessful until recently. But because of the vastness of all interrelating factors of dermatitis, the recent success in research seems like a speck of dust to the whole range of diseases called eczema. Two common factors in eczema are defective genes and overreaction or abnormal response of the immune system. What can be identified are the triggers or activating agents of the disorders; chemical substances and certain foods; dust mites, animal saliva and micro particles from skin, feathers or scales of animals; sweat; metals such as nickel; and rapid changes in weather particularly temperature and humidity.
It is estimated that 15 million of Americans are affected by eczema and 10 to 20 percent of these are infants. For half of the children affected the disorders may diminish or disappear before or between the ages 5 to 15, but for the other half, these may reappear in puberty or adulthood in other form of dermatitis. The risk factor for eczema is family history of any atopic disorder such as asthma, allergic rhinitis or dermatitis; those who are vulnerable and exposed to triggers from their environments may develop eczema.
The usual prescriptions for eczema are corticosteroids (steroids) oral or topical; immunosuppressant medications; antihistamine drugs or lotions and creams; antibiotics in cases of bacterial infection as a complication; and emollients or moisturizers as occlusions and lubricant. For moderate to severe cases that do not respond to medications such as steroids, phototherapy is recommended. Phototherapy is exposing affected area to ultraviolet light. This requires special equipment and not suitable for all affected with dermatitis. When drugs lose their effects over time most people look for alternative cures; these include homeopathic remedies, traditional Chinese medicine and herbal solutions.
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